Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, Kyphoscoliotic Form via the PLOD1 Gene
Summary and Pricing
Test Method
Sequencing and CNV Detection via NextGen Sequencing using PG-Select Capture ProbesTest Code | Test Copy Genes | Test CPT Code | Gene CPT Codes Copy CPT Code | Base Price | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
4815 | PLOD1 | 81479 | 81479,81479 | $990 | Order Options and Pricing |
Pricing Comments
Testing run on PG-select capture probes includes CNV analysis for the gene(s) on the panel but does not permit the optional add on of exome-wide CNV analysis. Any of the NGS platforms allow reflex to other clinically relevant genes, up to whole exome or whole genome sequencing depending upon the base platform selected for the initial test.
An additional 25% charge will be applied to STAT orders. STAT orders are prioritized throughout the testing process.
This test is also offered via a custom panel (click here) on our exome or genome backbone which permits the optional add on of exome-wide CNV or genome-wide SV analysis.
Turnaround Time
3 weeks on average for standard orders or 2 weeks on average for STAT orders.
Please note: Once the testing process begins, an Estimated Report Date (ERD) range will be displayed in the portal. This is the most accurate prediction of when your report will be complete and may differ from the average TAT published on our website. About 85% of our tests will be reported within or before the ERD range. We will notify you of significant delays or holds which will impact the ERD. Learn more about turnaround times here.
Targeted Testing
For ordering sequencing of targeted known variants, go to our Targeted Variants page.
Clinical Features and Genetics
Clinical Features
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, kyphoscoliotic form (EDS VIA; OMIM#225400) is a rare connective tissue disorder characterized by progressive kyphoscoliosis, joint hypermobility, smooth, hyperelastic and fragile skin, muscular hypotonia and scleral fragility and rupture of the globe. It should be also noted that clinical manifestations overlap among different types of EDS. Some patients may also present Marfanoid habitus, congenital myopathy, delayed motor development, and dysmophic features. Patients with severe kyphoscoliotsis are at risk for rupture of medium-sized arteries (Pousi et al. Mutat Res 432:33-37, 2000; Rohrbach et al, Orphanet J Rare Disease 6:46, 2011; Yeowell & Steinmann. GeneReviews. 2013).
Genetics
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), kyphoscoliotic type is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner and is caused by mutations in PLOD1. PLOD1, located on 1p36.2 (OMIM#153454), encodes the enzyme procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 1 (PLOD1, or lysyl hydroxylase 1). Deficiency of the enzyme PLOD1 results in a deficiency in hydroxylysine-based pyridinoline cross-links in collagens. An intragenic duplication of exons 10-16 caused by an Alu-Alu recombination in introns 9 and 16 is the most common causative allele, with a frequency of ~18% among patients with EDS VI (Pousi et al, Am J Hum Genet 55:899-906, 1994; Yeowell et al. Eur J Dermatol 15:353–358, 2005). The second most common causative mutation in PLOD1 occurs in exon 14 and results in chain termination at codon 511 for tyrosine (p.Tyr511*). The allele frequency of this mutation in EDS VI cases is about 10% (Yeowell et al. Eur J Dermatol 15(5): 353-358, 2005). The remaining reported mutations include missense, nonsense, splicing, frameshift mutations as well as gross deletions of single or multiple exons.
Clinical Sensitivity - Sequencing with CNV PG-Select
Using cDNA analysis, duplication analysis and DNA sequencing, Giunta et al. (Molecular Genetics and Metabolism 86(1-2):269-276, 2005) identified POLD1 mutations in 9 out of 12 unrelated patients who were clinically diagnosed with EDS type VIA. PLOD1 mutations were also detected in 13 patients who had an abnormal ratio of urinary lysyl pyridinolines to hydroxylysyl pyridinolines crosslinks (Rohrbach et al, Orphanet J Rare Disease 6:46, 2011). The common intragenic duplication of exons 10-16 in the PLOD1 gene cannot be detected by this method.
Testing Strategy
This test provides full coverage of all coding exons of the PLOD1 gene, plus ~10 bases of flanking noncoding DNA. We define full coverage as >20X NGS reads or Sanger sequencing.
Indications for Test
Candidates for this test are patients with clinical and/or biochemical features consistent with EDS VI and family members of patients who have known PLOD1 mutations. This test may also be considered for the reproductive partners of individuals who carry pathogenic variants in PLOD1.
Candidates for this test are patients with clinical and/or biochemical features consistent with EDS VI and family members of patients who have known PLOD1 mutations. This test may also be considered for the reproductive partners of individuals who carry pathogenic variants in PLOD1.
Gene
Official Gene Symbol | OMIM ID |
---|---|
PLOD1 | 153454 |
Inheritance | Abbreviation |
---|---|
Autosomal Dominant | AD |
Autosomal Recessive | AR |
X-Linked | XL |
Mitochondrial | MT |
Disease
Name | Inheritance | OMIM ID |
---|---|---|
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, Hydroxylysine-Deficient | AR | 225400 |
Related Test
Name |
---|
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome with Progressive Kyphosis, Myopathy, and Hearing Loss (EDSKMH) via the FKBP14 Gene |
Citations
Ordering/Specimens
Ordering Options
We offer several options when ordering sequencing tests. For more information on these options, see our Ordering Instructions page. To view available options, click on the Order Options button within the test description.
myPrevent - Online Ordering
- The test can be added to your online orders in the Summary and Pricing section.
- Once the test has been added log in to myPrevent to fill out an online requisition form.
- PGnome sequencing panels can be ordered via the myPrevent portal only at this time.
Requisition Form
- A completed requisition form must accompany all specimens.
- Billing information along with specimen and shipping instructions are within the requisition form.
- All testing must be ordered by a qualified healthcare provider.
For Requisition Forms, visit our Forms page
If ordering a Duo or Trio test, the proband and all comparator samples are required to initiate testing. If we do not receive all required samples for the test ordered within 21 days, we will convert the order to the most effective testing strategy with the samples available. Prior authorization and/or billing in place may be impacted by a change in test code.
Specimen Types
ORDER OPTIONS
View Ordering Instructions1) Select Test Type
2) Select Additional Test Options
No Additional Test Options are available for this test.