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Deafness, Autosomal Dominant 4A (DFNA4A) via the MYH14 Gene

Summary and Pricing

Test Method

Exome Sequencing with CNV Detection
Test Code Test Copy GenesTest CPT Code Gene CPT Codes Copy CPT Codes Base Price
MYH14 81479 81479,81479 $990
Test Code Test Copy Genes Test CPT Code Gene CPT Codes Copy CPT Code Base Price
11483MYH1481479 81479,81479 $990 Order Options and Pricing

Pricing Comments

Our favored testing approach is exome based NextGen sequencing with CNV analysis. This will allow cost effective reflexing to PGxome or other exome based tests. However, if full gene Sanger sequencing is desired for STAT turnaround time, insurance, or other reasons, please see link below for Test Code, pricing, and turnaround time information. If the Sanger option is selected, CNV detection may be ordered through Test #600.

An additional 25% charge will be applied to STAT orders. STAT orders are prioritized throughout the testing process.

Click here for costs to reflex to whole PGxome (if original test is on PGxome Sequencing platform).

Click here for costs to reflex to whole PGnome (if original test is on PGnome Sequencing platform).

The Sanger Sequencing method for this test is NY State approved.

For Sanger Sequencing click here.

Turnaround Time

3 weeks on average for standard orders or 2 weeks on average for STAT orders.

Please note: Once the testing process begins, an Estimated Report Date (ERD) range will be displayed in the portal. This is the most accurate prediction of when your report will be complete and may differ from the average TAT published on our website. About 85% of our tests will be reported within or before the ERD range. We will notify you of significant delays or holds which will impact the ERD. Learn more about turnaround times here.

Targeted Testing

For ordering sequencing of targeted known variants, go to our Targeted Variants page.

EMAIL CONTACTS

Genetic Counselors

Geneticist

  • Ben Dorshorst, PhD

Clinical Features and Genetics

Clinical Features

Deafness, autosomal dominant 4A (DFNA4A) is characterized by progressive, postlingual, sensorineural nonsyndromic hearing loss that begins in the first to third decades of life and eventually results in severe to profound deafness by the fourth decade (Mirgomizadeh et al. 2002; Zong et al. 2012). The audioprofile of most autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss cases can be distinct, thus assisting in the development of an evaluation strategy for molecular genetic testing and in generating a prognosis on the rate of hearing loss per year (Hildebrand et al. 2008). Pure-tone audiometry shows that DFNA4A individuals initially show a downsloping or U-shaped audiogram, indicating more severe hearing loss at high- or mid-frequency sounds, which then later becomes flat by age 40, when the individual progresses to all-frequency hearing loss (Zong et al. 2012; Qing et al. 2014).

Genetics

DFNA4A is an autosomal dominant hearing disorder that is caused by pathogenic sequence variants in the myosin heavy chain 14 (MYH14) gene, which is mainly expressed in the sensory area of the cochlea during embyronic development, as well as in the apical area of intestinal epithelial cells and skeletal muscles (Golomb et al. 2004; Choi et al. 2011). The MYH14 gene is located on chromosome 19q13.33, and consists of 42 coding exons that encode a 2,036-amino acid motor protein (Mirghomizadeh et al. 2002). The MYH14 protein belongs to the myosin II family of ATP-dependent molecular motor proteins that interact with actin microfilaments to regulate cytokinesis, as well as cell motility and polarity (Kim et al. 2005). This 228-kD protein is highly similar to the myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9), MYH10, and MYH11 proteins based on its highly conserved myosin head domain (Golomb et al. 2004). To date, a total of about 15 pathogenic MYH14 sequence variants have been reported. Most are missense, but chain termination variants have also been reported (Choi et al. 2011; Human Gene Mutation Database).

Clinical Sensitivity - Sequencing with CNV PGxome

The clinical sensitivity of this test has been reported to range from about 2% to 9%. For example, 2.3% (5/216) of Japanese deaf patients tested positive for disease-causing MYH14 sequence variants (Miyagawa et al. 2013). In a German study, 3.3% (1/30) of patients with nonsyndromic hearing loss showed causative MYH14 sequence variants (Vona et al. 2014). In Korea, around 9.1% (1/11) of pediatric patients with sensorineural hearing loss harbored pathogenic sequence variants in the MYH14 gene (Kim et al. 2015).

Testing Strategy

This test provides full coverage of all coding exons of the MYH14 gene plus 10 bases of flanking noncoding DNA in all available transcripts along with other non-coding regions in which pathogenic variants have been identified at PreventionGenetics or reported elsewhere. We define full coverage as >20X NGS reads or Sanger sequencing. PGnome panels typically provide slightly increased coverage over the PGxome equivalent. PGnome sequencing panels have the added benefit of additional analysis and reporting of deep intronic regions (where applicable).

Dependent on the sequencing backbone selected for this testing, discounted reflex testing to any other similar backbone-based test is available (i.e., PGxome panel to whole PGxome; PGnome panel to whole PGnome).

Indications for Test

The ideal MYH14 test candidates are individuals who present with progressive, postlingual sensorineural nonsyndromic hearing loss that begins in the first to third decades of life and follows an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance.

Gene

Official Gene Symbol OMIM ID
MYH14 608568
Inheritance Abbreviation
Autosomal Dominant AD
Autosomal Recessive AR
X-Linked XL
Mitochondrial MT

Disease

Name Inheritance OMIM ID
Deafness, Autosomal Dominant 4 AD 600652

Citations

  • Choi B.O. et al. 2011. Human Mutation. 32: 669-77. PubMed ID: 21480433
  • Golomb E. et al. 2004. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279: 2800-8. PubMed ID: 14594953
  • Hildebrand MS. et al. 2008. Genetics in Medicine : Official Journal of the American College of Medical Genetics. 10: 797-804. PubMed ID: 18941426
  • Human Gene Mutation Database (Bio-base).
  • Kim K.Y. et al. 2005. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 280: 22769-75. PubMed ID: 15845534
  • Kim N.K. et al. 2015. Genetics in Medicine. 213:1-11. PubMed ID: 25719458
  • Mirghomizadeh F. et al. 2002. European Journal of Human Genetics : Ejhg. 10: 95-9. PubMed ID: 11938438
  • Miyagawa M. et al. 2013. PLoS One. 8: e71381. PubMed ID: 23967202
  • Qing J. et al. 2014. Plos One. 9: e109178. PubMed ID: 25289672
  • Vona B. et al. 2014. Genetics in Medicine : Official Journal of the American College of Medical Genetics. 16: 945-53. PubMed ID: 24875298
  • Zong L. et al. 2012. Journal of Genetics and Genomics = Yi Chuan Xue Bao. 39: 653-7. PubMed ID: 23273769

Ordering/Specimens

Ordering Options

We offer several options when ordering sequencing tests. For more information on these options, see our Ordering Instructions page. To view available options, click on the Order Options button within the test description.

myPrevent - Online Ordering

  • The test can be added to your online orders in the Summary and Pricing section.
  • Once the test has been added log in to myPrevent to fill out an online requisition form.
  • PGnome sequencing panels can be ordered via the myPrevent portal only at this time.

Requisition Form

  • A completed requisition form must accompany all specimens.
  • Billing information along with specimen and shipping instructions are within the requisition form.
  • All testing must be ordered by a qualified healthcare provider.

For Requisition Forms, visit our Forms page

If ordering a Duo or Trio test, the proband and all comparator samples are required to initiate testing. If we do not receive all required samples for the test ordered within 21 days, we will convert the order to the most effective testing strategy with the samples available. Prior authorization and/or billing in place may be impacted by a change in test code.


Specimen Types

Specimen Requirements and Shipping Details

PGxome (Exome) Sequencing Panel

PGnome (Genome) Sequencing Panel

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ORDER OPTIONS

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2) Select Additional Test Options

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Note: acceptable specimen types are whole blood and DNA from whole blood only.
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