Charcot-Marie-Tooth Type 2U via the MARS1/MARS Gene
Summary and Pricing 
Test Method
Exome Sequencing with CNV DetectionTest Code | Test Copy Genes | Test CPT Code | Gene CPT Codes Copy CPT Code | Base Price | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
11461 | MARS1 | 81479 | 81479,81479 | $990 | Order Options and Pricing |
Pricing Comments
Our favored testing approach is exome based NextGen sequencing with CNV analysis. This will allow cost effective reflexing to PGxome or other exome based tests. However, if full gene Sanger sequencing is desired for STAT turnaround time, insurance, or other reasons, please see link below for Test Code, pricing, and turnaround time information. If the Sanger option is selected, CNV detection may be ordered through Test #600.
An additional 25% charge will be applied to STAT orders. STAT orders are prioritized throughout the testing process.
Click here for costs to reflex to whole PGxome (if original test is on PGxome Sequencing platform).
Click here for costs to reflex to whole PGnome (if original test is on PGnome Sequencing platform).
The Sanger Sequencing method for this test is NY State approved.
For Sanger Sequencing click here.Turnaround Time
3 weeks on average for standard orders or 2 weeks on average for STAT orders.
Please note: Once the testing process begins, an Estimated Report Date (ERD) range will be displayed in the portal. This is the most accurate prediction of when your report will be complete and may differ from the average TAT published on our website. About 85% of our tests will be reported within or before the ERD range. We will notify you of significant delays or holds which will impact the ERD. Learn more about turnaround times here.
Targeted Testing
For ordering sequencing of targeted known variants, go to our Targeted Variants page.
Clinical Features and Genetics 
Clinical Features
Charcot Marie Tooth disease (CMT), also known as hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy (HMSN) is a large group of inherited disorders of the peripheral nerves. The progressive degeneration of motor nerves results in weakness and atrophy of the distal muscles; and the degeneration of sensory nerves leads to decreased sensation, tingling and numbness in the legs, feet, arms and hands and neuropathic pain. The age of onset varies from childhood to mid adulthood. Symptoms usually begin with weakness and atrophy in the muscle of the legs and feet. As the disease progresses, weakness and atrophy of the muscles of the arms and hands may occur. CMT is heterogeneous in regards to symptoms, severity and progression rate. Although the disease may lead to disability and respiratory difficulty, life expectancy is usually unaffected. Most common symptoms include foot deformity, loss of balance, hammertoes, foot drop, frequent tripping and falls, and reduced manual dexterity. Diagnosis is based on clinical features, family history, neurological examination, and electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction velocity (NCV) findings (Pareyson and Marchesi 2009; Bird 2015). CMT affects approximately 1 in 3,300 people.
Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2U (CMT2U) is an autosomal dominant form of CMT that is slowly progressive with late-adult onset. Patients present with bilateral foot drop, distal wasting in upper and lower limbs, mild distal weakness in upper limbs, and steppage gait (Hyun et al. 2014; Gonzalez et al. 2013).
Genetics
Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2U (CMT2U) is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner with reduced penetrance due to pathogenic variants in MARS1/MARS, located on chromosome 12q13.3. The MARS1 gene encodes the methionyl-tRNA synthetase protein which is an enzyme responsible for charging tRNA with corresponding amino acids. Variants of uncertain significance in MARS1 have also been reported in one patient with spastic paraplegia (Novarino et al. 2014). The variants p.Ser567Leu and p.Ala393Thr which reside on the same allele have been reported in the homozygous state in patients with interstitial lung and liver disease (Hadchouel et al. 2015). Thus far, only pathogenic missense variants in the MARS1 gene have been reported (Hyun et al. 2014; Gonzalez et al. 2013).
Clinical Sensitivity - Sequencing with CNV PGxome
Clinical sensitivity cannot be estimated because only a small number of patients have been reported. Analytical sensitivity should be high because all reported pathogenic variants thus far are detectable by sequencing.
Thus far, no large deletions or duplications involving the MARS1 gene have been reported.
Testing Strategy
This test provides full coverage of all coding exons of the MARS gene plus 10 bases of flanking noncoding DNA in all available transcripts along with other non-coding regions in which pathogenic variants have been identified at PreventionGenetics or reported elsewhere. We define full coverage as >20X NGS reads or Sanger sequencing. PGnome panels typically provide slightly increased coverage over the PGxome equivalent. PGnome sequencing panels have the added benefit of additional analysis and reporting of deep intronic regions (where applicable).
Dependent on the sequencing backbone selected for this testing, discounted reflex testing to any other similar backbone-based test is available (i.e., PGxome panel to whole PGxome; PGnome panel to whole PGnome).
Indications for Test
Candidates for this test are patients with a suspected axonal CMT that have had other common forms of CMT ruled out. Testing is also indicated for family members of patients who have known pathogenic variants in the MARS1 gene.
Candidates for this test are patients with a suspected axonal CMT that have had other common forms of CMT ruled out. Testing is also indicated for family members of patients who have known pathogenic variants in the MARS1 gene.
Gene
Official Gene Symbol | OMIM ID |
---|---|
MARS1 | 156560 |
Inheritance | Abbreviation |
---|---|
Autosomal Dominant | AD |
Autosomal Recessive | AR |
X-Linked | XL |
Mitochondrial | MT |
Diseases
Name | Inheritance | OMIM ID |
---|---|---|
Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease, Type 2U | AD | 616280 |
Interstitial Lung and Liver Disease | AR | 615486 |
Citations 
- Bird and Bird. 2015. PubMed ID: 20301532
- Gonzalez M. et al. 2013. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry. 84: 1247-9. PubMed ID: 23729695
- Hadchouel A. et al. 2015. American Journal of Human Genetics. 96: 826-31. PubMed ID: 25913036
- Hyun Y.S. et al. 2014. Clinical Genetics. 86: 592-4. PubMed ID: 24354524
- Novarino G. et al. 2014. Science (new York, N.y.). 343: 506-11. PubMed ID: 24482476
- Pareyson D., Marchesi C. 2009. The Lancet Neurology. 8: 654–67 PubMed ID: 19539237
Ordering/Specimens 
Ordering Options
We offer several options when ordering sequencing tests. For more information on these options, see our Ordering Instructions page. To view available options, click on the Order Options button within the test description.
myPrevent - Online Ordering
- The test can be added to your online orders in the Summary and Pricing section.
- Once the test has been added log in to myPrevent to fill out an online requisition form.
- PGnome sequencing panels can be ordered via the myPrevent portal only at this time.
Requisition Form
- A completed requisition form must accompany all specimens.
- Billing information along with specimen and shipping instructions are within the requisition form.
- All testing must be ordered by a qualified healthcare provider.
For Requisition Forms, visit our Forms page
Specimen Types
Specimen Requirements and Shipping Details
PGxome (Exome) Sequencing Panel
PGnome (Genome) Sequencing Panel
ORDER OPTIONS
View Ordering Instructions1) Select Test Type
2) Select Additional Test Options
STAT and Prenatal Test Options are not available with Patient Plus.
No Additional Test Options are available for this test.